12190 ZIP Code — Wells, NY

Hamilton County, New York

ZIP code 12190 is located in Wells, New York, within Hamilton County. It covers approximately 176.83 square miles and serves a population of 641 residents. This is a standard ZIP code in the Eastern (ET) timezone, served by area code 518/838.

About ZIP code 12190

The housing stock consists of predominantly single-family detached homes. Most homes were built in the 2000s, giving the area an established character. Median home value is $196,200. Owner-occupancy is high at 83%, well above the national average.

The gap between median ($53,977) and mean household income suggests income inequality — a small number of higher earners pull the average up. The poverty rate of 5% is below the national average. 33% of households receive Social Security income, suggesting a notable retiree or disability population.

The dominant occupation class is management, business, and professional, with education and healthcare as the leading industry. An above-average commute of 45 minutes suggests many residents work outside the immediate area.

College attainment at 14% is below the national average, consistent with a trades and production-oriented local economy.

Health indicators show elevated rates of smoking (23%) compared to national benchmarks.

Notable community characteristics include a notable veteran presence at 15% of civilians, above the national average of 7%.

Overall, ZIP code 12190 reflects a community defined by a trades-oriented workforce, a strong veteran community, high homeownership, and a significant Social Security-dependent population.

641

population

176.83

sq mi land

Standard

ZIP type

Eastern (ET)

timezone

12190 ZIP code map

Cities in ZIP code 12190

Below are the cities the US Postal Service accepts for ZIP code 12190. Using any city not on this list may result in mail delivery delays.

City	Status
Wells	Acceptable
Wells	Preferred

Nearby ZIP codes

12164 Speculator (4.1 mi) 12108 Lake Pleasant (6.3 mi) 12843 Johnsburg (14.5 mi) 12878 Stony Creek (16.3 mi) 12842 Indian Lake (17.1 mi) 12134 Northville (17.7 mi)

Demographics updated 05/2026

Population
Total population	641
Population density	4 / sq mi
State FIPS	36
County FIPS	041

Geography
Land area	176.83 sq mi
Water area	1.56 sq mi
Latitude	43.5071
Longitude	-74.3182
Timezone	Eastern (ET)
Area code	518/838

Total population by age

Gender

Race & ethnicity

Economics updated 05/2026

Household income

Income range	This ZIP	County avg	State avg
Under $50k	40.0%	36.0%	37.0%
$50k – $100k	44.7%	40.2%	27.0%
$100k – $200k	15.3%	21.4%	24.4%
Over $200k	0.0%	2.4%	11.5%

Demographics & statistics

641

Population

People per sq mi

48.8

Median age

$53,977

Median household income

$26,208

Per capita income

$196,200

Median home value

$758

Median monthly rent

83.3%

Home ownership

4.8%

Poverty rate

7.2%

Unemployment

665

Housing units

13.7%

Bachelor's or higher

Age distribution

Male Female

Under 5

5–9

10–14

15–19

20–24

25–34

35–44

45–54

55–59

60–64

65–74

75–84

← Male

Female →

Age summary

Group	Count	%
Under 18	153	23.9%
18 and over	488	76.1%
65 and over	95	14.8%
Median age	48.8 years

Race & ethnicity

White 98.1%

Black or African American 0.9%

Hispanic or Latino 0.5%

Other race 0.5%

Group	Count	%
White	632	98.1%
Black or African American	6	0.9%
Hispanic or Latino	3	0.5%
Other race	3	0.5%

Household income

Income range	This ZIP	County avg	State avg
Under $50k	40.0%	36.0%	37.0%
$50k – $100k	44.7%	40.2%	27.0%
$100k – $200k	15.3%	21.4%	24.4%
Over $200k	0.0%	2.4%	11.5%

$10k–$15k 1.5%

$15k–$25k 8.4%

$25k–$35k 7.9%

$35k–$50k 29.1%

$50k–$75k 7.4%

$75k–$100k 26.6%

$100k–$150k 15.3%

$200k+ 3.9%

Range	% of households
$10k–$15k	1.5%
$15k–$25k	8.4%
$25k–$35k	7.9%
$35k–$50k	29.1%
$50k–$75k	7.4%
$75k–$100k	26.6%
$100k–$150k	15.3%
$200k+	3.9%
Median income	$53,977

Housing

Home values

Under $50k 7.1%

$50k–$100k 9.5%

$100k–$150k 12.4%

$150k–$200k 23.1%

$200k–$300k 21.3%

$300k–$500k 18.3%

$500k–$1M 8.3%

Housing overview

Metric	Value
Median home value	$196,200
Median rent / month	$758
Owner occupied	83.3%
Renter occupied	16.7%
Vacant	71.0%
Single-family detached	81.1%
Large apartment buildings	0.0%
Mobile homes	18.0%
Median rooms	4.4
Avg household size (owned)	2.73

Year built

Era	%
2020 or later	0.0%
2010–2019	5.2%
2000–2009	18.2%
1990–1999	8.9%
1980–1989	8.0%
1970–1979	13.3%
1960–1969	14.7%
1950–1959	12.2%
1940–1949	6.6%
1939 or earlier	13.0%

Bedrooms

Size	% of units
No bedroom (studio)	6.6%
1 bedroom	15.7%
2 bedrooms	28.2%
3 bedrooms	34.6%
4 bedrooms	13.3%
5+ bedrooms	1.6%

Vehicles per household

Vehicles	% of households
No vehicle	0.0%
1 vehicle	11.3%
2 vehicles	58.1%
3 or more	30.5%

Heating fuel

Fuel type	%
Electricity	9.4%
Propane / LP gas	24.1%
Fuel oil	44.3%
Wood	22.2%

Households & families

Household type	Count	%
Married-couple family	134	66.0%
Cohabiting couple	7	3.4%
Male householder, no spouse	26	12.8%
Female householder, no spouse	36	17.7%
Households with children under 18	81	39.9%
Households with seniors (65+)	66	32.5%
Average household size	2.97

Marital status

Status	Male	Female
Never married	40.4%	16.3%
Married	50.2%	57.8%
Separated	0.0%	5.2%
Widowed	2.2%	3.7%
Divorced	7.2%	17.0%

Education

Less than 9th grade 6.4%

Some HS, no diploma 18.9%

HS graduate 32.2%

Some college, no degree 21.4%

Associate's degree 7.5%

Bachelor's degree 7.7%

Graduate / professional 5.9%

Metric	%
HS diploma or higher	74.7%
Bachelor's or higher	13.7%

School enrollment (ages 3–17)

Type	Count	%
Nursery / preschool	0	0.0%
Kindergarten	11	8.5%
Elementary school	29	22.5%
High school	72	55.8%
College / grad school	17	13.2%

Employment

Industry of employment

Education & healthcare 20.5%

Public administration 16.9%

Arts, food & hospitality 16.4%

Professional & management 15.5%

Retail trade 9.6%

Construction 7.8%

Other services 6.8%

Information 5.0%

Finance & real estate 1.4%

Occupation

Category	%
Management, business & arts	31.5%
Service	26.0%
Sales & office	22.4%
Natural resources & construction	7.8%
Production & transportation	12.3%

Employment type

Type	%
Private sector	44.3%
Government	43.4%
Self-employed	11.0%
Unpaid family workers	1.4%

Commute

Method	%
Drive alone	88.6%
Carpool	0.0%
Public transit	0.0%
Walk	2.3%
Work from home	9.1%
Other means	0.0%
Avg commute (minutes)	44.7

Poverty

All people 4.8%

Under 18 years 0.0%

18 and over 6.4%

Married-couple families 0.0%

Female-led households 0.0%

Income support

Source	% of households
Social Security	32.5%
Retirement income	26.1%
Supplemental Security	0.0%
Cash public assistance	0.0%
Food stamps / SNAP	6.9%

Health indicators

Condition	%
Obesity	32.5%
High blood pressure	39.8%
High cholesterol	37.9%
Diabetes	13.4%
Heart disease	9.8%
Stroke	4.7%
Asthma	11.4%
Arthritis	32.5%
Kidney disease	4.2%
Pulmonary disease	11.8%
Cancer	8.4%

Behavior / access	%
Smoking	23.1%
Binge drinking	14.6%
No physical activity	30.3%
Less than 7 hrs sleep	37.3%
Depression	22.6%
Fair or poor health	19.3%
Poor mental health	15.5%
Poor physical health	14.5%
No health insurance	12.9%
Visited doctor (checkup)	79.8%
Visited dentist	57.6%
Cholesterol screening	91.3%
Teeth loss	20.2%

Veterans & disability

Veterans	Count	%
Civilian veterans	71	14.5%

Disability	%
Any disability	16.2%
Under 18	0.0%
18–64 years	15.5%
65 and over	45.3%

Health insurance coverage

Type	%
Private insurance	70.0%
Public insurance	37.3%
No insurance	8.1%
Uninsured under 19	0.0%

Language & origin

Language spoken at home (age 5+)

Language	Count	%
English only	600	93.6%
Spanish	10	1.7%
Other Indo-European	0	0.0%
Asian & Pacific Islander	10	1.7%
Other languages	0	0.0%

Place of birth & citizenship

Origin	Count	%
Native born (US)	637	99.4%
Born in same state	637	99.4%
Born in different state	538	83.9%
Foreign born	0	0.0%
Naturalized citizen	4	0.6%
Not a US citizen	4	100.0%

Ancestry

Ancestry	Count	%
Arab	277	43.2%
French	57	8.9%
Italian	53	8.3%
English	28	4.4%

Ancestry	Count	%
Polish	18	2.8%
German	8	1.2%
Norwegian	4	0.6%

Technology access

Metric	% of households
Computer access	31.7%
Internet access	92.6%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2025 estimates.

Frequently asked questions about ZIP code 12190

What city is ZIP code 12190 in?

ZIP code 12190 is primarily assigned to Wells, New York.

What county is ZIP code 12190 in?

ZIP code 12190 falls within Hamilton County, New York.

How educated is the population of ZIP code 12190?

14% of residents hold a bachelor's degree or higher — below the national average of ~33%, consistent with a trades-oriented local economy.

Is ZIP code 12190 mostly owner-occupied?

83% of occupied units in ZIP code 12190 are owner-occupied, well above the national average.

Does ZIP code 12190 have a large veteran population?

15% of civilians in ZIP code 12190 are veterans, above the national average of ~7%.

What is the population of ZIP code 12190?

ZIP code 12190 has an estimated population of 641 residents, with a density of 4 people per square mile.

What timezone is ZIP code 12190 in?

ZIP code 12190 observes the EST timezone.