13431 ZIP Code — Poland, NY

Herkimer County, New York

ZIP code 13431 is located in Poland, New York, within Herkimer County. It covers approximately 36.11 square miles and serves a population of 1,939 residents. This is a standard ZIP code in the Eastern (ET) timezone, served by area code 315.

About ZIP code 13431

The housing stock consists of predominantly single-family detached homes. Most homes were built in the pre-1940, giving the area an established character. Median home value is $178,000. Owner-occupancy is high at 82%, well above the national average.

Median household income is $87,250. The poverty rate of 6% is below the national average. 39% of households receive Social Security income, suggesting a notable retiree or disability population.

The dominant occupation class is management, business, and professional, with education and healthcare as the leading industry. The average commute of 30 minutes is near the national average.

Educational attainment is near the national average, with 26% of residents holding a bachelor's degree or higher.

Overall, ZIP code 13431 reflects a community defined by high homeownership and a significant Social Security-dependent population.

1,939

population

36.11

sq mi land

Standard

ZIP type

Eastern (ET)

timezone

13431 ZIP code map

Cities in ZIP code 13431

Below are the cities the US Postal Service accepts for ZIP code 13431. Using any city not on this list may result in mail delivery delays.

City	Status
Poland	Acceptable
Poland	Preferred

Nearby ZIP codes

13304 Barneveld (4.3 mi) 13416 Newport (6.2 mi) 13502 Utica (6.8 mi) 13438 Remsen (8.7 mi) 13354 Holland Patent (10.6 mi) 13403 Marcy (10.7 mi) 13350 Herkimer (11.1 mi) 13469 Stittville (11.4 mi) 13599 Utica (11.5 mi) 13340 Frankfort (12.9 mi) 13501 Utica (12.9 mi) 13495 Yorkville (13 mi)

Demographics updated 06/2026

Population
Total population	1,939
Population density	54 / sq mi
State FIPS	36
County FIPS	043

Geography
Land area	36.11 sq mi
Water area	0.40 sq mi
Latitude	43.2218
Longitude	-75.0764
Timezone	Eastern (ET)
Area code	315

Total population by age

Gender

Race & ethnicity

Economics updated 06/2026

Household income

Income range	This ZIP	County avg	State avg
Under $50k	29.9%	44.6%	37.0%
$50k – $100k	29.8%	32.9%	27.0%
$100k – $200k	36.2%	20.1%	24.4%
Over $200k	4.1%	2.5%	11.5%

Demographics & statistics

1,939

Population

People per sq mi

39.5

Median age

$87,250

Median household income

$37,882

Per capita income

$178,000

Median home value

$941

Median monthly rent

82.0%

Home ownership

6.2%

Poverty rate

1.1%

Unemployment

672

Housing units

25.9%

Bachelor's or higher

Age distribution

Male Female

Under 5

5–9

10–14

108

15–19

101

20–24

130

25–34

122

108

35–44

101

159

45–54

150

55–59

60–64

65–74

75–84

85+

← Male

Female →

Age summary

Group	Count	%
Under 18	493	25.4%
18 and over	1,446	74.6%
65 and over	325	16.8%
Median age	39.5 years

Race & ethnicity

White 97.3%

Hispanic or Latino 0.9%

Two or more races 0.7%

Black or African American 0.4%

American Indian / Alaska Native 0.4%

Other race 0.3%

Asian 0.2%

Group	Count	%
White	1,903	97.3%
Hispanic or Latino	17	0.9%
Two or more races	14	0.7%
Black or African American	7	0.4%
American Indian / Alaska Native	7	0.4%
Other race	5	0.3%
Asian	3	0.2%

Household income

Income range	This ZIP	County avg	State avg
Under $50k	29.9%	44.6%	37.0%
$50k – $100k	29.8%	32.9%	27.0%
$100k – $200k	36.2%	20.1%	24.4%
Over $200k	4.1%	2.5%	11.5%

Under $10k 1.9%

$10k–$15k 2.0%

$15k–$25k 3.6%

$25k–$35k 6.4%

$35k–$50k 11.6%

$50k–$75k 12.6%

$75k–$100k 20.6%

$100k–$150k 20.2%

$150k–$200k 11.3%

$200k+ 9.9%

Range	% of households
Under $10k	1.9%
$10k–$15k	2.0%
$15k–$25k	3.6%
$25k–$35k	6.4%
$35k–$50k	11.6%
$50k–$75k	12.6%
$75k–$100k	20.6%
$100k–$150k	20.2%
$150k–$200k	11.3%
$200k+	9.9%
Median income	$87,250

Housing

Home values

Under $50k 4.2%

$50k–$100k 8.4%

$100k–$150k 22.2%

$150k–$200k 23.7%

$200k–$300k 24.3%

$300k–$500k 16.2%

$500k–$1M 1.0%

Housing overview

Metric	Value
Median home value	$178,000
Median rent / month	$941
Owner occupied	82.0%
Renter occupied	18.0%
Vacant	12.4%
Single-family detached	79.8%
Large apartment buildings	0.0%
Mobile homes	10.7%
Median rooms	6.7
Avg household size (owned)	2.76

Year built

Era	%
2020 or later	0.9%
2010–2019	7.6%
2000–2009	10.4%
1990–1999	7.0%
1980–1989	9.3%
1970–1979	13.3%
1960–1969	7.4%
1950–1959	7.6%
1940–1949	0.5%
1939 or earlier	36.0%

Bedrooms

Size	% of units
No bedroom (studio)	0.0%
1 bedroom	5.6%
2 bedrooms	17.2%
3 bedrooms	46.6%
4 bedrooms	18.5%
5+ bedrooms	12.0%

Vehicles per household

Vehicles	% of households
No vehicle	5.4%
1 vehicle	17.5%
2 vehicles	43.9%
3 or more	33.2%

Heating fuel

Fuel type	%
Utility gas	1.1%
Electricity	4.3%
Propane / LP gas	17.5%
Fuel oil	62.7%
Wood	8.3%
No fuel used	0.7%

Households & families

Household type	Count	%
Married-couple family	458	65.5%
Cohabiting couple	28	4.0%
Male householder, no spouse	90	12.9%
Female householder, no spouse	123	17.6%
Households with children under 18	210	30.0%
Households with seniors (65+)	241	34.5%
Average household size	2.75

Marital status

Status	Male	Female
Never married	29.3%	28.2%
Married	61.9%	56.6%
Separated	2.0%	1.6%
Widowed	2.0%	6.1%
Divorced	4.8%	7.5%

Education

Less than 9th grade 1.8%

Some HS, no diploma 5.2%

HS graduate 35.0%

Some college, no degree 12.0%

Associate's degree 20.1%

Bachelor's degree 14.1%

Graduate / professional 11.8%

Metric	%
HS diploma or higher	92.9%
Bachelor's or higher	25.9%

School enrollment (ages 3–17)

Type	Count	%
Nursery / preschool	17	3.3%
Kindergarten	9	1.7%
Elementary school	199	38.3%
High school	185	35.6%
College / grad school	110	21.2%

Employment

Industry of employment

Education & healthcare 31.5%

Retail trade 15.5%

Construction 10.3%

Manufacturing 9.9%

Professional & management 7.3%

Public administration 6.3%

Other services 5.3%

Agriculture & mining 4.1%

Information 4.0%

Finance & real estate 2.1%

Transportation & utilities 1.8%

Arts, food & hospitality 1.2%

Wholesale trade 0.6%

Occupation

Category	%
Management, business & arts	40.8%
Service	12.7%
Sales & office	21.0%
Natural resources & construction	14.4%
Production & transportation	11.1%

Employment type

Type	%
Private sector	75.2%
Government	20.7%
Self-employed	4.1%
Unpaid family workers	0.0%

Commute

Method	%
Drive alone	86.0%
Carpool	9.5%
Public transit	0.0%
Walk	0.8%
Work from home	3.7%
Other means	0.0%
Avg commute (minutes)	30.3

Poverty

All people 6.2%

Under 18 years 8.6%

18 and over 5.4%

Married-couple families 2.0%

Female-led households 9.1%

Income support

Source	% of households
Social Security	38.5%
Retirement income	34.2%
Supplemental Security	4.3%
Cash public assistance	1.1%
Food stamps / SNAP	3.4%

Health indicators

Condition	%
Obesity	30.1%
High blood pressure	34.6%
High cholesterol	32.5%
Diabetes	9.4%
Heart disease	6.6%
Stroke	3.0%
Asthma	10.2%
Arthritis	24.9%
Kidney disease	2.9%
Pulmonary disease	7.3%
Cancer	7.3%

Behavior / access	%
Smoking	18.2%
Binge drinking	18.2%
No physical activity	24.1%
Less than 7 hrs sleep	34.6%
Depression	21.3%
Fair or poor health	12.4%
Poor mental health	14.2%
Poor physical health	10.0%
No health insurance	9.8%
Visited doctor (checkup)	78.8%
Visited dentist	67.7%
Cholesterol screening	91.6%
Teeth loss	13.0%

Veterans & disability

Veterans	Count	%
Civilian veterans	119	8.2%

Disability	%
Any disability	11.0%
Under 18	1.6%
18–64 years	7.1%
65 and over	38.5%

Health insurance coverage

Type	%
Private insurance	73.6%
Public insurance	40.6%
No insurance	1.1%
Uninsured under 19	0.0%

Language & origin

Language spoken at home (age 5+)

Language	Count	%
English only	1,844	95.1%
Spanish	27	1.5%
Other Indo-European	0	0.0%
Asian & Pacific Islander	27	1.5%
Other languages	0	0.0%

Place of birth & citizenship

Origin	Count	%
Native born (US)	1,911	98.6%
Born in same state	1,865	96.2%
Born in different state	1,559	80.4%
Foreign born	46	2.4%
Naturalized citizen	28	1.4%
Not a US citizen	23	82.1%

Ancestry

Ancestry	Count	%
Italian	404	20.8%
French	204	10.5%
Arab	96	5%
German	42	2.2%

Ancestry	Count	%
English	28	1.4%
Polish	21	1.1%
Dutch	10	0.5%
Irish	9	0.5%

Technology access

Metric	% of households
Computer access	36.0%
Internet access	93.4%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2025 estimates.

Frequently asked questions about ZIP code 13431

What city is ZIP code 13431 in?

ZIP code 13431 is primarily assigned to Poland, New York.

What county is ZIP code 13431 in?

ZIP code 13431 falls within Oneida County, New York.

Is ZIP code 13431 mostly owner-occupied?

82% of occupied units in ZIP code 13431 are owner-occupied, well above the national average.

Does ZIP code 13431 have a large retiree population?

39% of households in ZIP code 13431 receive Social Security income, suggesting a significant retiree or disability population.

What is the typical home value in ZIP code 13431?

The median home value in ZIP code 13431 is $178,000.

What is the population of ZIP code 13431?

ZIP code 13431 has an estimated population of 1,939 residents, with a density of 54 people per square mile.

What timezone is ZIP code 13431 in?

ZIP code 13431 observes the EST timezone.