31904 ZIP Code — Columbus, GA

Muscogee County, Georgia

ZIP code 31904 is located in Columbus, Georgia, within Muscogee County. It covers approximately 27.51 square miles and serves a population of 34,301 residents. This is a standard ZIP code in the Eastern (ET) timezone, served by area code 706/762.

About ZIP code 31904

The housing stock consists of a mix of housing types. Most homes were built in the 1970s, giving the area an established character. Median home value is $207,700. Owner-occupancy sits near the national average at 51%.

The gap between median ($62,089) and mean household income suggests income inequality — a small number of higher earners pull the average up. Poverty affects 19% of residents, above the national average. 32% of households receive Social Security income, suggesting a notable retiree or disability population.

The dominant occupation class is management, business, and professional, with education and healthcare as the leading industry. The average commute of 18 minutes is near the national average.

Educational attainment is near the national average, with 30% of residents holding a bachelor's degree or higher.

Health indicators show elevated rates of smoking (21%) compared to national benchmarks.

Notable community characteristics include a notable veteran presence at 14% of civilians, above the national average of 7%.

Overall, ZIP code 31904 reflects a community defined by economic challenges above the national average, a strong veteran community, and a significant Social Security-dependent population.

34,301

population

27.51

sq mi land

Standard

ZIP type

Eastern (ET)

timezone

31904 ZIP code map

Cities in ZIP code 31904

Below are the cities the US Postal Service accepts for ZIP code 31904. Using any city not on this list may result in mail delivery delays.

City	Status
Columbus	Acceptable
Columbus	Preferred

Nearby ZIP codes

36867 Phenix City (3.8 mi) 36877 Smiths Station (4.9 mi) 31909 Columbus (5.7 mi) 31901 Columbus (5.9 mi) 31999 Columbus (5.9 mi) 31997 Columbus (5.9 mi) 31998 Columbus (5.9 mi) 31993 Columbus (5.9 mi) 31808 Fortson (6.3 mi) 31906 Columbus (6.4 mi) 36870 Phenix City (7.4 mi) 31903 Columbus (9.6 mi)

Demographics updated 06/2026

Population
Total population	34,301
Population density	1,247 / sq mi
State FIPS	13
County FIPS	215

Geography
Land area	27.51 sq mi
Water area	3.01 sq mi
Latitude	32.5440
Longitude	-85.0139
Timezone	Eastern (ET)
Area code	706/762

Total population by age

Gender

Race & ethnicity

Economics updated 06/2026

Household income

Income range	This ZIP	County avg	State avg
Under $50k	47.5%	50.6%	41.5%
$50k – $100k	25.3%	29.0%	30.3%
$100k – $200k	20.7%	16.1%	21.2%
Over $200k	6.4%	4.3%	7.1%

Demographics & statistics

34,301

Population

1,247

People per sq mi

37.9

Median age

$62,089

Median household income

$38,990

Per capita income

$207,700

Median home value

$985

Median monthly rent

51.1%

Home ownership

18.7%

Poverty rate

6.2%

Unemployment

9,042

Housing units

30.4%

Bachelor's or higher

Age distribution

Male Female

1,311

Under 5

1,424

883

5–9

960

1,197

10–14

1,301

1,006

15–19

1,093

755

20–24

821

2,510

25–34

2,729

2,007

35–44

2,182

1,726

45–54

1,876

1,252

55–59

1,361

929

60–64

1,009

1,756

65–74

1,908

805

75–84

874

300

85+

326

← Male

Female →

Age summary

Group	Count	%
Under 18	8,456	24.7%
18 and over	25,845	75.3%
65 and over	5,969	17.4%
Median age	37.9 years

Race & ethnicity

White 58.8%

Black or African American 25.3%

Two or more races 7.1%

Hispanic or Latino 4.7%

Other race 2%

Asian 1.9%

American Indian / Alaska Native 0.1%

Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander 0.1%

Group	Count	%
White	21,173	58.8%
Black or African American	9,101	25.3%
Two or more races	2,559	7.1%
Hispanic or Latino	1,704	4.7%
Other race	706	2%
Asian	685	1.9%
American Indian / Alaska Native	48	0.1%
Native Hawaiian / Pacific Islander	29	0.1%

Household income

Income range	This ZIP	County avg	State avg
Under $50k	47.5%	50.6%	41.5%
$50k – $100k	25.3%	29.0%	30.3%
$100k – $200k	20.7%	16.1%	21.2%
Over $200k	6.4%	4.3%	7.1%

Under $10k 6.1%

$10k–$15k 7.5%

$15k–$25k 9.5%

$25k–$35k 9.9%

$35k–$50k 9.8%

$50k–$75k 15.6%

$75k–$100k 12.5%

$100k–$150k 12.8%

$150k–$200k 6.3%

$200k+ 10.0%

Range	% of households
Under $10k	6.1%
$10k–$15k	7.5%
$15k–$25k	9.5%
$25k–$35k	9.9%
$35k–$50k	9.8%
$50k–$75k	15.6%
$75k–$100k	12.5%
$100k–$150k	12.8%
$150k–$200k	6.3%
$200k+	10.0%
Median income	$62,089

Housing

Home values

Under $50k 5.1%

$50k–$100k 12.7%

$100k–$150k 17.1%

$150k–$200k 13.0%

$200k–$300k 24.7%

$300k–$500k 17.4%

$500k–$1M 8.6%

$1M+ 1.3%

Housing overview

Metric	Value
Median home value	$207,700
Median rent / month	$985
Owner occupied	51.1%
Renter occupied	48.9%
Vacant	12.2%
Single-family detached	68.6%
Large apartment buildings	10.6%
Mobile homes	0.3%
Median rooms	5.7
Avg household size (owned)	2.55

Year built

Era	%
2020 or later	0.1%
2010–2019	8.1%
2000–2009	14.3%
1990–1999	11.1%
1980–1989	9.1%
1970–1979	16.3%
1960–1969	10.7%
1950–1959	10.8%
1940–1949	8.7%
1939 or earlier	10.8%

Bedrooms

Size	% of units
No bedroom (studio)	2.2%
1 bedroom	13.5%
2 bedrooms	24.1%
3 bedrooms	40.1%
4 bedrooms	15.6%
5+ bedrooms	4.5%

Vehicles per household

Vehicles	% of households
No vehicle	12.5%
1 vehicle	35.2%
2 vehicles	33.4%
3 or more	19.0%

Heating fuel

Fuel type	%
Utility gas	44.8%
Electricity	53.6%
Propane / LP gas	0.8%
Wood	0.1%
No fuel used	0.5%

Households & families

Household type	Count	%
Married-couple family	5,300	38.0%
Cohabiting couple	969	7.0%
Male householder, no spouse	3,087	22.2%
Female householder, no spouse	4,577	32.9%
Households with children under 18	3,966	28.5%
Households with seniors (65+)	4,508	32.4%
Average household size	2.41

Marital status

Status	Male	Female
Never married	36.4%	30.9%
Married	45.3%	41.4%
Separated	3.2%	2.7%
Widowed	3.0%	9.0%
Divorced	12.0%	15.9%

Education

Less than 9th grade 3.7%

Some HS, no diploma 8.1%

HS graduate 26.8%

Some college, no degree 21.0%

Associate's degree 10.1%

Bachelor's degree 17.1%

Graduate / professional 13.3%

Metric	%
HS diploma or higher	88.2%
Bachelor's or higher	30.4%

School enrollment (ages 3–17)

Type	Count	%
Nursery / preschool	557	7.0%
Kindergarten	507	6.4%
Elementary school	3,496	44.0%
High school	1,846	23.2%
College / grad school	1,534	19.3%

Employment

Industry of employment

Education & healthcare 28.2%

Finance & real estate 12.3%

Retail trade 10.7%

Arts, food & hospitality 9.1%

Manufacturing 8.9%

Professional & management 8.0%

Construction 5.2%

Public administration 4.8%

Transportation & utilities 4.7%

Other services 3.8%

Wholesale trade 3.0%

Information 0.8%

Agriculture & mining 0.5%

Occupation

Category	%
Management, business & arts	37.3%
Service	16.2%
Sales & office	25.8%
Natural resources & construction	7.3%
Production & transportation	13.5%

Employment type

Type	%
Private sector	79.5%
Government	16.7%
Self-employed	3.7%
Unpaid family workers	0.1%

Commute

Method	%
Drive alone	80.7%
Carpool	7.5%
Public transit	0.4%
Walk	1.4%
Work from home	7.7%
Other means	2.3%
Avg commute (minutes)	18.2

Poverty

All people 18.7%

Under 18 years 26.9%

18 and over 16.0%

Married-couple families 6.8%

Female-led households 29.4%

Income support

Source	% of households
Social Security	32.4%
Retirement income	21.8%
Supplemental Security	8.1%
Cash public assistance	1.6%
Food stamps / SNAP	15.6%

Health indicators

Condition	%
Obesity	34.0%
High blood pressure	36.7%
High cholesterol	32.9%
Diabetes	11.6%
Heart disease	6.9%
Stroke	3.5%
Asthma	10.1%
Arthritis	27.7%
Kidney disease	3.3%
Pulmonary disease	7.6%
Cancer	6.3%

Behavior / access	%
Smoking	20.5%
Binge drinking	16.7%
No physical activity	27.5%
Less than 7 hrs sleep	38.0%
Depression	22.1%
Fair or poor health	17.8%
Poor mental health	17.1%
Poor physical health	11.9%
No health insurance	21.6%
Visited doctor (checkup)	77.1%
Visited dentist	59.2%
Cholesterol screening	88.9%
Teeth loss	17.1%

Veterans & disability

Veterans	Count	%
Civilian veterans	3,433	13.6%

Disability	%
Any disability	14.6%
Under 18	4.6%
18–64 years	11.9%
65 and over	38.3%

Health insurance coverage

Type	%
Private insurance	61.9%
Public insurance	38.7%
No insurance	13.7%
Uninsured under 19	5.0%

Language & origin

Language spoken at home (age 5+)

Language	Count	%
English only	31,566	92.0%
Spanish	444	1.4%
Other Indo-European	252	0.8%
Asian & Pacific Islander	50	0.2%
Other languages	130	0.4%

Place of birth & citizenship

Origin	Count	%
Native born (US)	33,065	96.4%
Born in same state	32,366	94.4%
Born in different state	19,640	57.3%
Foreign born	699	2.0%
Naturalized citizen	1,236	3.6%
Not a US citizen	718	58.1%

Ancestry

Ancestry	Count	%
Arab	6,705	19.5%
French	3,257	9.5%
Italian	2,113	6.2%
English	270	0.8%

Ancestry	Count	%
Polish	69	0.2%
Irish	66	0.2%
Norwegian	44	0.1%
German	39	0.1%

Technology access

Metric	% of households
Computer access	40.6%
Internet access	92.1%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2025 estimates.

Frequently asked questions about ZIP code 31904

What city is ZIP code 31904 in?

ZIP code 31904 is primarily assigned to Columbus, Georgia.

What county is ZIP code 31904 in?

ZIP code 31904 falls within Muscogee County, Georgia.

What is the poverty rate in ZIP code 31904?

19% of residents in ZIP code 31904 live below the poverty line, above the national average.

Does ZIP code 31904 have a large veteran population?

14% of civilians in ZIP code 31904 are veterans, above the national average of ~7%.

What is the population of ZIP code 31904?

ZIP code 31904 has an estimated population of 34,301 residents, with a density of 1,247 people per square mile.

What is the typical home value in ZIP code 31904?

The median home value in ZIP code 31904 is $207,700.

What timezone is ZIP code 31904 in?

ZIP code 31904 observes the EST timezone.